The Ultimate Guide: How to Recycle Properly in 2025

Recycling seems simple, but contamination from non-recyclable items is a huge problem that can cause entire truckloads of recyclables to be sent to the landfill. This is often called "wishcycling"—tossing something in the bin hoping it can be recycled. This guide will help you recycle with confidence.

The Golden Rules of Recycling

While rules vary by city, some principles are nearly universal.

1. Clean and Dry: All items must be clean and dry. A greasy pizza box or a half-full yogurt container can contaminate a whole batch of paper or cardboard. Rinse containers before tossing them in the bin.
2. No Plastic Bags: Never put your recyclables in a plastic bag. Plastic bags jam the machinery at recycling facilities. Return them to a collection bin at your local grocery store instead.
3. Know Your Numbers: Look for the recycling symbol with a number inside. Most curbside programs accept #1 (PET) and #2 (HDPE) plastics. Check your local program’s website for specifics on other numbers.

Common Recycling Mistakes

• Coffee Cups: Most are not recyclable due to the plastic lining. The plastic lid might be, but the cup itself usually isn’t.
• Small Items: Items smaller than a credit card (like bottle caps or straws) fall through the machinery. Keep caps on plastic bottles, or collect small metal items in a larger metal can.
• Shredded Paper: The small fibers can clog equipment. Put shredded paper in a paper bag and label it, or check if your local facility accepts it.
• Food Waste: Food is the biggest contaminant. Scrape out all food residue!

When in Doubt, Throw It Out

This may sound counterintuitive, but it’s the most important rule. If you are not sure if something is recyclable, it’s better to put it in the trash. One non-recyclable item can ruin an entire batch. Always check your local municipality’s guidelines for the most accurate information.